C/C++, KDEVELOP |
---|
BasicsProgram FlowFunctionsClasses and ObjectsX WindowKDevelop----------------- © Alfred Nussbaumer Updated: 09 December 2021 ----------------- |
Arrays and StructsAn array is a collection of objects of the same type, one- ore multiple-dimensional. The next examples show you how to use arrays. Single-dimensional ArrayThe next example introduces the usage of single-dimensional arrays: #include <iostream.h> #define NUMBER 3 int main() { int values[NUMBER]; int sum = 0; for (int i=0; i<NUMBER; i++) { cout << i << ". input (" << NUMBER << "): "; cin >> values[i]; } for (int i=0; i<NUMBER; i++) sum+=values[i]; for (int i=0; i<NUMBER; i++) cout << values[i] << " "; cout << "avg: " << (double) sum / NUMBER << endl; } The sample run returns the avarage value of three numbers: 0. input (3): 3 1. input (3): 4 2. input (3): 3 3 4 3 avg: 3.33333 Arrays of StringsStrings may be stored into an array. #include <iostream.h> int main() { char names[3][10] = {"sarah", "bob", "alex"}; for (int i=0; i<3; i++) cout << names[i] << endl; } sarah bob alex Multiple-dimensional ArraysData from a two-dimensional array can be output like a table using rows and columns: #include <iostream.h> int main() { int matrix[3][4] = {{1,-4,2,3}, {3,0,-5,3}, {5,-1,4,3}}; for (int i=0; i<3; i++) { for (int j=0; j<4; j++) cout << matrix[i][j] << ", "; cout << endl; } } 1, -4, 2, 3, 3, 0, -5, 3, 5, -1, 4, 3, StructsWithin structs values of different types may be stored. The next example shows how to read strings and integers. #include <iostream.h> int main() { struct persons { char name[20]; int age; }; struct persons person; cout << "Name: "; cin >> person.name; cout << "Alter: "; cin >> person.age; cout << person.name << " is " << person.age << " years old." << endl; } The program's user has to type a string and an integer... Name: micky Alter: 10 micky is 10 years old. |